Synopsis

·               Development involves thinking about and achieving goals of better life for all and more equality among all.

·              All persons do not have the same notion of development.

·              Persons seek things which can fulfil their aspirations or desires.

·              At times, two persons or groups of persons may seek things which are conflicting.

·              Different persons can have different developmental goals.

·              People want regular work, better wages and decent price for their crops or products. In other words, they want more income.

·              Besides seeking more income, people also seek things like equal treatment, freedom, security and respect of others. They resent discrimination.

·              For development people look at a mix of goals.

·              More income means, more of all things that human beings need.

·              It is very important to keep is mind that different persons could have different as well as conflicting notions of a country's development.

·              For comparing countries, their income is considered to be one of the most important attributes.

·              More income means more of all things that human beings need.

·              Income of the country is the income of all the residents of the country.

·              The average income is the total income of the country divided by its total population.

·              The average income is also called as per capita income.

·              Countries with per capita income of US $12,056 per annum and above in 2017, are called rich countries.

·              Countries with per capita income of US $ 955 or less are called low income countries.

·              India comes in the category of low middle income countries because its per capita income in 2017 was just us $ 1820 per annum.

·              The rich countries, excluding countries of Middle East and certain other small countries are generally called developed countries.

·              Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) indicates the number of children that die before the age of one year as a proportion of 1000 live children born in that particular year.

·              Literacy rate measures the proportion of literate population in the 7 and above age group.

·              Net Attendance Ratio is the total number of children of age group 14 & 15 years attending school as a percentage of total number of children in the same age group.

·              The goods and services or required facilities that are provided by government or society are called public facilities.

·              Human Development Report compares the countries, the educational levels of people, their health status and per capita income as measures of development.

·              The schooling revolution Himachal Pradesh provided infrastructure in education and both the government and society complemented each other to achieve great indicators of education.

·              BMI - Body Mass Index is the level of under nourished adults in an economy.

·              Ground water is an example of renewable resources.

·              Renewable resources are replenished by nature.

·              Non-renewable resources are those which will get exhausted after years of use.

·              Consequences of environmental degradation do not respect national or state boundaries.

·              Development or progress is perennial.